tracert / traceroute Command

Nerd Cafe | نرد کافه

1. Topology Overview

2. IP Addressing Plan

Device

Interface

IP Address

Subnet Mask

PC1

NIC

192.168.1.100

255.255.255.0

fa0/0

192.168.1.1

255.255.255.0

s0/0/0

10.0.0.1

255.255.255.252

s0/0/0

10.0.0.2

255.255.255.252

s0/1/0

10.0.0.5

255.255.255.252

s0/1/0

10.0.0.6

255.255.255.252

fa0/0

192.168.3.1

255.255.255.0

PC2

NIC

192.168.3.100

255.255.255.0

Switches are Layer 2 only, so no IP addresses needed.

3. Configure PCs

PC1

IP: 192.168.1.100
Subnet: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1

PC2

IP: 192.168.3.100
Subnet: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.3.1

4. Configure Routers with EIGRP

R1

Router>enable 
Router#configure terminal 
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown 
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface s0/0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
R1(config-if)#no shutdown 
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#router eigrp 100
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary 
R1(config-router)#^Z
R1#write memory 
Building configuration...
[OK]
R1#

R2

Router>enable 
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.252
R2(config-if)#no shutdown 
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.5 255.255.255.252
R2(config-if)#no shutdown 
R2(config-if)#exit 
R2(config)#router eigrp 100
R2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3
R2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.4 0.0.0.3
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary 
R2(config-router)#^Z
R2#write memory 
Building configuration...
[OK]
R2#

R3

Router>enable 
Router#configure terminal 
Router(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
Router(config-if)#ip add
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.6 255.255.255.252
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#router eigrp 100
Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.4 0.0.0.3
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
Router(config-router)#no auto-summary 
Router(config-router)#
Router(config-router)#^Z
Router#write memory 
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#

5. Verify Routing

R1

R1#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C       10.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
D       10.0.0.4 [90/21024000] via 10.0.0.2, 00:04:17, Serial0/0/0
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
D    192.168.3.0/24 [90/21026560] via 10.0.0.2, 00:03:25, Serial0/0/0
R1#

R2

R2#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C       10.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C       10.0.0.4 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
D    192.168.1.0/24 [90/20514560] via 10.0.0.1, 00:08:09, Serial0/0/0
D    192.168.3.0/24 [90/20514560] via 10.0.0.6, 00:04:10, Serial0/1/0
R2#

R3

R3#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D       10.0.0.0 [90/21024000] via 10.0.0.5, 00:05:45, Serial0/1/0
C       10.0.0.4 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
D    192.168.1.0/24 [90/21026560] via 10.0.0.5, 00:05:45, Serial0/1/0
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R3#

6. Verify Connectivity

From PC1:

PC>ping 192.168.3.100

Pinging 192.168.3.100 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.3.100:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 3ms, Average = 2ms

PC>

7. Understanding `tracert` / `traceroute`

Purpose

Shows the path packets take from source to destination.
Measures round-trip time (RTT) per hop.
Identifies routing issues or slow links.

How it Works

tracert sends ICMP Echo Requests with TTL=1.
Each router decrements TTL by 1.
When TTL = 0 → router sends ICMP Time Exceeded.
tracert prints router IP and RTT.
TTL increments until reaching the destination.

Expected Output

PC>tracert 192.168.3.100

Tracing route to 192.168.3.100 over a maximum of 30 hops: 

  1   1 ms      0 ms      0 ms      192.168.1.1
  2   1 ms      1 ms      0 ms      10.0.0.2
  3   1 ms      2 ms      0 ms      10.0.0.6
  4   1 ms      1 ms      1 ms      192.168.3.100

Trace complete.

PC>

Cisco Packet Tracer (Version 6.2.0.0052)

70KB

tracert-command.pkt

Open

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Keywords

TTL, ICMP, hops, round-trip-time, latency, router, path, diagnostic, packet, time-exceeded, echo-request, echo-reply, network-troubleshooting, route-discovery, IP-address, gateway, delay, forwarding, connectivity, troubleshooting, Nerd Cafe , نرد کافه

Channel Overview

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PreviousPing Command Nextipconfig Command

Last updated 5 months ago

hashtag1. Topology Overview

hashtag2. IP Addressing Plan

hashtag3. Configure PCs

hashtagPC1

hashtagPC2

hashtag4. Configure Routers with EIGRP

hashtagR1

hashtagR2

hashtagR3

hashtag5. Verify Routing

hashtagR1

hashtagR2

hashtagR3

hashtag6. Verify Connectivity

hashtag7. Understanding tracert / traceroute

hashtagPurpose

hashtagHow it Works

hashtagExpected Output

hashtagCisco Packet Tracer (Version 6.2.0.0052)

hashtag

hashtag💖 Support Our Work

hashtagKeywords

hashtagChannel Overview

1. Topology Overview

2. IP Addressing Plan

3. Configure PCs

PC1

PC2

4. Configure Routers with EIGRP

R1

R2

R3

5. Verify Routing

R1

R2

R3

6. Verify Connectivity

7. Understanding `tracert` / `traceroute`

Purpose

How it Works

Expected Output

Cisco Packet Tracer (Version 6.2.0.0052)

💖 Support Our Work

Keywords

Channel Overview